Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only d15N from R/V S.A. Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016

Owner: Mike Bobak
Created on Oct 07, 2020

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Description:

Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only δ15N from the Southern Ocean south of Africa. The dataset includes hydrocast (depth-profile) and underway (surface; intake at 7 m depth) data. The former is accompanied by hydrographic data obtained during the CTD cast. https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805546

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Name	Value	Last Modified
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Sigman url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/person/51417 @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/person/557790 @type: Person identifier: @id: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-3545 @type: PropertyValue propertyID: https://registry.identifiers.org/registry/orcid url: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-3545 value: orcid:0000-0001-9467-3545 name: Sandi M. Smart url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/person/557790 datePublished: 2020-03-06 description: <p>Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only δ15N from the Southern Ocean south of Africa. The dataset includes hydrocast (depth-profile) and underway (surface; intake at 7 m depth) data. 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Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016 producer: @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/557250 @type: ResearchProject alternateName: Diatom-bound_N_Isotopes description: Description from NSF award abstract: The high concentration of the major nutrients nitrate and phosphate is a fundamental characteristic of the Antarctic Zone in the Southern Ocean and is central to its role in global ocean fertility and the global carbon cycle. The isotopic composition of diatom-bound organic nitrogen is one of the best hopes for reconstructing the nutrient status of polar surface waters over glacial cycles, which in turn may hold the explanation for the decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide during ice ages. The PIs propose to generate detailed diatom-bound nitrogen isotope (δ15Ndb) records from high sedimentation rate cores from the Kerguelen Plateau. Because the cores were collected at relatively shallow seafloor depths, they have adequate planktonic and benthic foraminifera to develop accurate age models. The resulting data could be compared with climate records from Antarctic ice cores and other archives to investigate climate-related changes, including the major steps into and out of ice ages and the millennial-scale events that occur during ice ages and at their ends. The records generated in this project will provide a critical test of hypotheses for the cause of lower ice age CO2. This study will contribute to the goal of understanding ice ages and past CO2 changes, which both have broad implications for future climate. Undergraduates will undertake summer internships, with the possibility of extending their work into junior year projects and senior theses. In addition, the PI will lead modules for two Princeton programs for middle school teachers and will host a teacher for a six-week summer research project. name: High-resolution, Assemblage-specific Records of Diatom-bound N Isotopes from the Indian Sector of the Antarctic Ocean url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/557250 @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/743583 @type: ResearchProject alternateName: N Isotopes Foraminifera description: NSF Award Abstract: Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus are the two nutrients required in large quantity by phytoplankton in the ocean, and together they limit productivity throughout most of the tropical, subtropical, and temperate ocean. Both the cycling of N and its input/output budget have been argued to control the fertility of the ocean and the ocean's role in setting atmospheric CO2. The CaCO3 tests of foraminifera can represent a substantial fraction of marine sediments and have been used extensively in paleoceanography; they are an obvious target for isotopic analysis of microfossil-bound organic matter. In recent years, researchers at Princeton have developed a protocol for the isotopic analysis of foraminiferal shell-bound N. The current protocol is at least 100 times more sensitive than typical on-line combustion, allowing for rapid progress with a N isotope archive that was previously not feasible to measure. Measurements on surface sediments and a downcore record from the Caribbean show the promise of foraminifera-bound del15N (fb-del15N) to provide both a robust N isotope archive for paleoceanography, and one with a unique potential of richness, given the existence of multiple foraminiferal species with different depth habitats and behaviors. Moreover, the finding from the Caribbean Sea record -- reduced N fixation in ice age Atlantic -- has changed the scientific conversation about the nature of the input/output budget of oceanic fixed N and its potential to change ocean fertility and atmospheric CO2. However, the controls on fb-del15N have not yet been adequately studied. In this project, as a first major step in developing a foundation for the paleoceanographic application of fb-del15N, the same Princeton University team will study its genesis in the water column, transport to the seafloor, and early diagenesis. They will undertake this study in the Sargasso Sea south of Bermuda. This is one of the best studied regions of the ocean, in general and with respect to foraminifera, and a region that has been has been a focus of the N isotope research of the PI for the last decade and others previously. Moreover, its significant seasonality -- in physical oceanography, biogeochemistry, and foraminiferal species abundance -- will facilitate the effort to understand the controls on fb-del15N at a mechanistic level. The research team will participate in six Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) cruises over two years, collecting foraminifera and other N forms likely to provide insight into the controls on fb-del15N. From the nearby Oceanic Flux Program (OFP) moored sediment traps and from shallow sediments collected in the region, they will pick foraminifera shells and again make relevant ancillary measurements. This work will establish the relationship of foraminiferal biomass to shell-bound del15N for different species, and comparison of the foraminiferal isotope data with the upper ocean N pools will yield empirical isotopic relationships and work toward a mechanistic insight of fb-del15N (e.g., the importance of different N pools to the diets of different foraminifera; the role of algal symbionts). The sediment trap and surface sediment data will support the plankton tow data by integrating over longer time scales and will also address questions regarding late stage (e.g., gametogenic) calcification and the early diagenesis of fb-del15N and fb-N content. Broader Impacts: This study will yield an improved understanding of the nutrient dynamics of foraminifera, a class of organisms whose shells are a central tool in micropaleontology and paleoclimatology. The project will also build on the principal investigator's involvement in the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences as an asset for integrating ocean-related education and research at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. name: Understanding the nitrogen isotopes of planktonic foraminifera: A modern Sargasso Sea study url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/743583 @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/788982 @type: ResearchProject alternateName: stable isotope instrumentation description: NSF Award Abstract: Intellectual Merit: The PIs are requesting funds to acquire a suite of instruments for stable isotope (N) research, including a denitrifier-based, natural abundance isotope system, a tracer isotope system, and general purpose natural abundance peripherals for an existing mass spectrometer. Specific instruments requested include a Thermo Electron MAT 253 stable isotope mass spectrometer, a Thermo DeltaVAdvantage stable isotope mass spectrometer with peripherals, an EA peripheral for combustion-based isotope analysis, and a GasBench II carbon dioxide preparation and purification system. The proposed instrumentation would enable research efforts examining natural stable isotope abundances that include ocean biogeochemistry and paleoceanography, terrestrial biogeochemistry, carbon isotopes in Precambrian Earth history. Stable isotope tracer research would include nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and carbon partitioning during biostimulation. Broader Impacts: The PIs state that the proposed instrumentation would expand the research capabilities of the institution and specifically the Departments of Geosciences and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. The improvements to the denitrifier method will also serve to expand the capabilities of the ocean research community at large. Additionally, the proposed instrumentation will enable method development and provide training for undergraduate students at the institution and those participating in a collaborative effort with the University of Cape Town. name: MRI: Acquisition of Stable Isotope Instrumentation for the Biogeosciences at Princeton University url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/788982 provider: @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org publisher: @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org @type: Organization alternateName: BCO-DMO identifier: http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/affiliation/191 name: Biological and Chemical Data Management Office sameAs: http://www.re3data.org/repository/r3d100000012 url: https://www.bco-dmo.org spatialCoverage: @type: Place additionalProperty: @type: PropertyValue additionalType: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q161779 name: Spatial Reference System propertyID: SRS value: http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/OGC/1.3/CRS84 @type: PropertyValue additionalType: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4018860 name: Well-Known Text propertyID: WKT value: POLYGON ((0.0002 -54.0003, 38.4987 -54.0003, 38.4987 -39.4109, 0.0002 -39.4109, 0.0002 -54.0003)) geo: @type: GeoShape box: -54.0003 0.0002 -39.4109 38.4987 polygon: -54.0003,0.0002 -39.4109,0.0002 -39.4109,38.4987 -54.0003,38.4987 -54.0003,0.0002 subjectOf: @id: http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-file/805869 @type: DataDownload about: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805546 contentSize: 72664 contentUrl: https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/1912/25518/4/NOAA_ISO19115-2.xml creativeWorkStatus: Published encodesCreativeWork: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805546 encodingFormat: http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd-noaa application/xml name: ISO 19115-2 (NOAA Profile) temporalCoverage: 2015-07-26/2016-05-09 url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805546 variableMeasured: @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805584 @type: PropertyValue name: Cruise identifier unitText: unitless @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805585 @type: PropertyValue name: Ship name unitText: unitless @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805586 @type: PropertyValue name: Date and time formatted to ISO8601 standard. 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(2004). unitText: meters (m) @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805600 @type: PropertyValue name: Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate+nitrite) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000 unitText: per mil vs AIR @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805601 @type: PropertyValue name: Standard deviation of d15N (nitrate+nitrite) unitText: per mil vs AIR @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805602 @type: PropertyValue name: Number of replicate measurements of d15N (nitrate+nitrite) unitText: unitless @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805603 @type: PropertyValue name: Concentration of nitrate+nitrite in a seawater sample unitText: micromolar (uM) @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805604 @type: PropertyValue name: Standard deviation of nitrate+nitrite concentration unitText: micromolar (uM) @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805605 @type: PropertyValue name: Number of replicate measurements of nitrate+nitrite concentration unitText: unitless @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805606 @type: PropertyValue name: Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate only) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000 unitText: per mil vs AIR @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805607 @type: PropertyValue name: Standard deviation of d15N (nitrate only) unitText: per mil vs AIR @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805608 @type: PropertyValue name: Number of replicate measurements of d15N (nitrate only) unitText: unitless @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805609 @type: PropertyValue name: Concentration of nitrate in a seawater sample unitText: micromolar (uM) @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805610 @type: PropertyValue name: Standard deviation of nitrate concentration unitText: micromolar (uM) @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-parameter/805611 @type: PropertyValue name: Number of replicate measurements of nitrate concentration unitText: unitless version: 1	Extracted by http://clowder.ncsa.illinois.edu/extractors/deprecatedapi on Oct 7, 2020

Extracted by http://clowder.ncsa.illinois.edu/extractors/deprecatedapi on Oct 7, 2020

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datePublished: 2020-03-06
description: <p>Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only δ15N from the Southern Ocean south of Africa. The dataset includes hydrocast (depth-profile) and underway (surface; intake at 7 m depth) data. The former is accompanied by hydrographic data obtained during the CTD cast.</p>
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measurementTechnique:
- Niskin bottle
- CTD Sea-Bird
- Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
name: Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only d15N from R/V S.A. Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016
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  - alternateName: N Isotopes Foraminifera
  - description: NSF Award Abstract: Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus are the two nutrients required in large quantity by phytoplankton in the ocean, and together they limit productivity throughout most of the tropical, subtropical, and temperate ocean. Both the cycling of N and its input/output budget have been argued to control the fertility of the ocean and the ocean's role in setting atmospheric CO2. The CaCO3 tests of foraminifera can represent a substantial fraction of marine sediments and have been used extensively in paleoceanography; they are an obvious target for isotopic analysis of microfossil-bound organic matter. In recent years, researchers at Princeton have developed a protocol for the isotopic analysis of foraminiferal shell-bound N. The current protocol is at least 100 times more sensitive than typical on-line combustion, allowing for rapid progress with a N isotope archive that was previously not feasible to measure. Measurements on surface sediments and a downcore record from the Caribbean show the promise of foraminifera-bound del15N (fb-del15N) to provide both a robust N isotope archive for paleoceanography, and one with a unique potential of richness, given the existence of multiple foraminiferal species with different depth habitats and behaviors. Moreover, the finding from the Caribbean Sea record -- reduced N fixation in ice age Atlantic -- has changed the scientific conversation about the nature of the input/output budget of oceanic fixed N and its potential to change ocean fertility and atmospheric CO2. However, the controls on fb-del15N have not yet been adequately studied. In this project, as a first major step in developing a foundation for the paleoceanographic application of fb-del15N, the same Princeton University team will study its genesis in the water column, transport to the seafloor, and early diagenesis. They will undertake this study in the Sargasso Sea south of Bermuda. This is one of the best studied regions of the ocean, in general and with respect to foraminifera, and a region that has been has been a focus of the N isotope research of the PI for the last decade and others previously. Moreover, its significant seasonality -- in physical oceanography, biogeochemistry, and foraminiferal species abundance -- will facilitate the effort to understand the controls on fb-del15N at a mechanistic level. The research team will participate in six Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) cruises over two years, collecting foraminifera and other N forms likely to provide insight into the controls on fb-del15N. From the nearby Oceanic Flux Program (OFP) moored sediment traps and from shallow sediments collected in the region, they will pick foraminifera shells and again make relevant ancillary measurements. This work will establish the relationship of foraminiferal biomass to shell-bound del15N for different species, and comparison of the foraminiferal isotope data with the upper ocean N pools will yield empirical isotopic relationships and work toward a mechanistic insight of fb-del15N (e.g., the importance of different N pools to the diets of different foraminifera; the role of algal symbionts). The sediment trap and surface sediment data will support the plankton tow data by integrating over longer time scales and will also address questions regarding late stage (e.g., gametogenic) calcification and the early diagenesis of fb-del15N and fb-N content. Broader Impacts: This study will yield an improved understanding of the nutrient dynamics of foraminifera, a class of organisms whose shells are a central tool in micropaleontology and paleoclimatology. The project will also build on the principal investigator's involvement in the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences as an asset for integrating ocean-related education and research at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
  - name: Understanding the nitrogen isotopes of planktonic foraminifera: A modern Sargasso Sea study
  - url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/743583
- - @id: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/788982
  - @type: ResearchProject
  - alternateName: stable isotope instrumentation
  - description: NSF Award Abstract: Intellectual Merit: The PIs are requesting funds to acquire a suite of instruments for stable isotope (N) research, including a denitrifier-based, natural abundance isotope system, a tracer isotope system, and general purpose natural abundance peripherals for an existing mass spectrometer. Specific instruments requested include a Thermo Electron MAT 253 stable isotope mass spectrometer, a Thermo DeltaVAdvantage stable isotope mass spectrometer with peripherals, an EA peripheral for combustion-based isotope analysis, and a GasBench II carbon dioxide preparation and purification system. The proposed instrumentation would enable research efforts examining natural stable isotope abundances that include ocean biogeochemistry and paleoceanography, terrestrial biogeochemistry, carbon isotopes in Precambrian Earth history. Stable isotope tracer research would include nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and carbon partitioning during biostimulation. Broader Impacts: The PIs state that the proposed instrumentation would expand the research capabilities of the institution and specifically the Departments of Geosciences and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. The improvements to the denitrifier method will also serve to expand the capabilities of the ocean research community at large. Additionally, the proposed instrumentation will enable method development and provide training for undergraduate students at the institution and those participating in a collaborative effort with the University of Cape Town.
  - name: MRI: Acquisition of Stable Isotope Instrumentation for the Biogeosciences at Princeton University
  - url: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/788982
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  - name: Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate+nitrite) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000
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  - name: Standard deviation of nitrate+nitrite concentration
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Nitrate+nitrite and nitrate-only d15N from R/V S.A. Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016

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